Characterization of local Besni pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes with SRAP and ISSR markers

Türkiye has great plant diversity due to its geographical location and suitable climatic and soil conditions. This genetic richness will be meaningful with the studies to be done on it. Characterization studies carried out on local varieties are important in determining the characteristics of the variety and thus including those with superior characteristics in breeding studies. This study aimed to characterize the Besni Pepper genotypes a local variety with molecular (DNA) markers. In the study, 29 pepper genotypes were screened with 10 ISSR and four SRAP primers, and 62 scorable bands were produced. While the polymorphism rate was determined as 76% (47/62), the average number of polymorphic fragments for each primer was calculated as 3.3. According to the created dendrogram, 29 pepper genotypes formed 2 main groups, and these groups were divided into subgroups. The genetic similarity rate was found to be between 0.68-0.95. While the B1 and C3 genotypes were the most distant from each other, the G2 and G3 genotypes were the closest to each other. The study shows that even pepper genotypes from a narrow area have about 32% variation that can be used in future breeding studies. This variation is due to both the fertilization biology (%3-30 cross-pollination) of pepper and seed mobility between farmers. After selection studies for yield, quality, and stress conditions, genotypes can be included in breeding programs.