Tracing the signatures of ozone recovery in the Arctic ozone

We examine the long-term trends in Arctic stratospheric ozone using satellite, ozonesonde and ground-based measurements for the period 1988-2024. Our analysis reveals statistically significant positive trends (up to 0.915 ± 0.251%/dec) in the upper stratospheric ozone (5-1 hPa) with the Stratospheric Water and Ozone Satellite Homogenized (SWOOSH) and the merged satellite (SAGE-CCI-OMPS) data. The assessment of total column ozone (TCO) also shows significant positive trends in the merged satellite (8.51 ± 6.03 DU/dec) and ground-based (6.51 ± 3.88 DU/dec) measurements in 2000-2024. In addition, the combined ground-based data reveal significant positive trends in the southern Arctic stations (Lerwick, Scoresbysund, Sodankylä, Churchill, Andøya and Oslo) in autumn (9.11 ± 2.38 DU/dec) and spring (6.24 ± 4.71 DU/dec). The analysis for different post-2000 periods finds a high impact of the unprecedented ozone depletion event of 2020 on the estimated trends. However, the selected four stations still show positive trends in 2000-2024. Though the TCO measurements yield significant positive trends, the vertical profiles yet to show any recovery signature in the lower stratosphere.