The Staff Observation Aggression Scale – Revised for Ambulance Services (SOAS-RA)
The SOAS-RA, combined with VAS, may serve as a valid, context-sensitive tool for documenting aggression in ambulance services. Future research should explore broader implementation and digital integration to enhance usability, data quality, and support organizational learning.
Authors
- Tom Palmstierna (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0490-7916)
- Roger Almvik (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7919-7488)
- Elisabeth Haug (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6070-3686)
- Hege Skundberg‐Kletthagen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1830-3136)
- M. Haug (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8883-3714)
Institutions
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NO)
- Innlandet Hospital Trust (NO)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Scandinavian Journal of Trauma Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
- Published
- 2025-10-09
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-025-01472-6
- Primary Topic
- Workplace Violence and Bullying
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet
- St. Olavs Hospital Universitetssykehuset i Trondheim