Waves in a plasma ocean: Wave–particle interactions throughout the solar system

All planetary and smaller bodies in our solar system are embedded in a sea of plasma, like boulders in a terrestrial ocean. Their surfaces or magnetic fields run into this ocean of space plasma, generated primarily by our Sun, and create a whole range of fascinating effects as a result. Waves in interplanetary space and waves produced by solar wind–planetary interactions both initiate wave–particle interactions across a variety of scale sizes. These wave–particle interactions can fuel many phenomena: from the “killer electrons” in the Van Allen radiation belts that affect spacecraft and Earth's atmosphere to the echoes of distant magnetic structures we can observe at the edge of our solar system and beyond. This process can cause the local aurora above our heads. It also plays a role in the giant particle accelerator that is Jupiter's magnetosphere. In this overview paper, I will present recent insights we have gained about wave–particle interactions across our solar system and illustrate how this fundamental plasma physics process underlies a vast scope of the space environment: from our own world to the furthest reaches of our space exploration.