Experimental study and numerical simulation of mechanical behavior of Dou-gong in ancient Chinese timber structure under vertical loading

Dou-gong is the core force transfer unit of ancient timber structures, which has different bearing capacities and force transmission characteristics. To understand the mechanical properties of Dou-gong, it is necessary to perform mechanical tests based on the architectural construction parameters for specific cases. In this study, vertical monotonic loading experiments and finite element simulation analysis of the Goddess Mother Hall Dou-gong were conducted. Based on the building information, the satisfaction degree of the Dou-gong bearing capacity and structural performance, such as the force transmission characteristics, were analyzed. The results show that all the Dou-gongs of the Goddess Mother Hall in the stable state meet the vertical load requirements, but the front eave column-head Dou-gong is the weakest part. The damage phenomenon and stress distribution law both indicate that the first-layer of the Dou-gong is most likely to be damaged. And the secondary loading test showed that the deformation resistance of Dou-gong changes which means repeated loading will lead to fatigue damage.