Therapeutic Interventional Probiotic Approach and the Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Associated Uremia

Chronic kidney disease is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by progressive renal malfunction triggered by low Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with increased morbidity and associated mortality. Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis has recently emerged as an important player in progressing chronic renal disease complications by increasing uremic toxins. Recently, the interest in developing new research initiatives focusing on therapeutic modulation of the intestinal microbiome through a probiotics approach, preserving kidney functionality by maintaining the physiological balance of intestinal microbiota, decreasing uremic toxins production, and improving the kidney-gut axis functionality has been considered as a comprehensive therapeutic approach in controlling and managing chronic kidney disease and associated complications within vitro or in vivo trial analysis. This review shed light on highlighting and exploring chronic kidney disease symptomatic triggers, uremic toxins generation and utilization of strain specified probiotic therapeutically approach exploring its significant efficiency through a wide range of randomized controlled trial analysis within chronic kidney disease patients (CKD) on HD and PD therapy which significantly reported low inflammatory biomarkers and improved dysregulated intestinal microbiota, increased uremic toxin excretion (IS and PCS), improved homeostatic regulatory mechanism and quantifies health furthermore delaying the progression towards kidney failure emerging probiotic approach as a new therapeutically CKD management tool.