DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP SKILLS AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF GRADE 12 TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL-LIVELIHOOD (TVL) TRACK LEARNERS: FOUNDATION FOR AN ENHANCED IMPLEMENTATION OF TVL TEACHING AND LEARNING PROGRAM

Entrepreneurship education is vital in equipping learners with the skills needed for economic participation and future career opportunities. This study determined the development of entrepreneurship skills and academic performance of Grade 12 TVL track learners in Cabangan National High School, Cabangan District, Schools Division of Zambales, during the School Year 2024-2025, as foundation for an enhanced implementation of TVL teaching and learning program. The study utilized a quantitative-descriptive and correlational research design involving 104 Grade 12 TVL track learners and 10 teachers selected through universal sampling. A validated researcher-designed questionnaire was used, yielding high internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha = .95, .94, and .91 for the respective variables). Findings revealed that both learners and teachers perceived the entrepreneurship skills in terms of business planning, budget management, creativity and innovation, and customer relations as moderately developed. Learners’ academic performance was assessed as very satisfactory in both the first and second semesters. A significant correlation existed between learners’ self-perceived skills and their academic performance. However, teachers’ perceptions of learners’ skills showed no significant correlation with academic performance. Based on the results, an enhanced TVL teaching and learning program was developed to strengthen entrepreneurship skills and improve academic performance. Grade 12 TVL track learners have moderately developed entrepreneurship skills and achieved very satisfactory academic performance, with learners’ self-perceived skills positively influencing their scholastic outcomes, thereby underscoring the need for targeted instructional enhancement. The study contributes to strengthening TVL curriculum implementation by aligning entrepreneurship skill development with academic performance improvement, serving as a model for enhancing TVL programs in public secondary schools.