The Role of Health Information Technicians in Supporting Electronic Health Records and Interoperability: A Comprehensive Review

Health Information Technicians (HITs) are essential actors in modern healthcare systems, serving as the backbone of accurate medical documentation, data integrity, and secure information management. With the widespread adoption of Electronic Health Records (EHRs), the role of HITs has expanded from traditional recordkeeping to ensuring compliance, facilitating interoperability, and supporting evidence-based decision-making. This review explores the multifaceted contributions of HITs to the development, implementation, and maintenance of EHR systems, while also highlighting their critical role in advancing healthcare interoperability across diverse clinical and administrative settings. Evidence from recent studies demonstrates that HITs enhance data quality, reduce medical errors, and improve care coordination by ensuring that health information is accurately coded, securely stored, and seamlessly shared across institutions. Despite their importance, HITs face challenges such as workforce shortages, inadequate training in emerging technologies, and barriers to interoperability caused by fragmented systems. Strategies for strengthening their role include adopting international interoperability standards (HL7, FHIR), investing in continuous professional development, and integrating advanced technologies such as AI and cloud-based platforms. By addressing these challenges, HITs can continue to play a pivotal role in shaping efficient, patient-centered healthcare systems in the digital era.