SPECIFICS OF SUBJECT COMPOSITION AND CONTRACTUAL RELATIONS IN THE ECOSYSTEM OF SMART CITIES: LEGAL ANALYSIS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

The article analyzes the features of the subject composition and contractual relations in smart cities of Uzbekistan in the context of the digital transformation of the urban environment. The legal status of key participants - state digital infrastructure operators, foreign investors, mahalla institutions, and innovation companies - has a specific character, determined by the national legal system and the social organization of society. Contractual relations are distinguished by a high degree of complexity and require the development of new legal structures for regulating rights to urban data, risk distribution, and ensuring flexibility in the context of rapid technological development. The integration of traditional mahalla institutions into a modern digital ecosystem forms a unique model of a smart city that combines technological innovations with sustainable social practices. For the development of an inclusive innovation ecosystem, further modernization of legislation in the areas of public procurement, intellectual property, and experimental legal regimes is necessary.