Temperature or Nature?
Is χλιαρός in Rev 3:16 temperature or nature? Previous research has largely concentrated on the temperature dimension. This article offers a different perspective on the term χλιαρός in Rev 3:16. It posits that the term should be interpreted through the dual lenses of temperature and the characteristics of the water itself. Key archaeological discoveries, including a prominent marble block featuring water regulations, in conjunction with a structural examination of the Son of Man’s admonition in Rev 3:14–22, will be used as a methodology to support the argument that χλιαρός encompasses both temperature and the inherent qualities of the water.
Authors
- Philip Suciadi Chia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2453-7497)
Institutions
- University of Pretoria (ZA)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Collectanea Theologica
- Published
- 2025-08-31
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.21697/ct.2025.95.3.03
- Primary Topic
- Biblical Studies and Interpretation
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00