Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Optical Fiber Sensors: Advances and Prospects

ABSTRACT Optical fiber surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors leverage the inherent sensitivity and fingerprinting capabilities of SERS spectroscopy, while simultaneously capitalizing on the miniaturization and portability afforded by fiber‐optic sensing technology, thereby garnering significant research interest. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of fiber‐optic SERS sensors, encompassing their fundamental mechanisms, fabrication methodologies, and diverse application domains. We begin by elucidating the underlying principles and mechanisms of fiber‐optic SERS, followed by a critical analysis of recent advancements in optimizing and refining associated analytical methods and techniques. Furthermore, a detailed comparison of various fabrication methods for optical fiber SERS sensors is presented, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. The review also showcases the successful implementation of fiber‐optic SERS sensors in prominent application areas, including biosensing, chemical sensing, and environmental monitoring. Finally, we address the existing challenges and explore potential future opportunities within the field of fiber‐optic SERS sensing.