Integration of the concept of social procurement into construction procurement in Sri Lanka

Construction procurement significantly influences project outcomes in Sri Lanka, yet current practices continue to prioritise cost and efficiency over long-term social impact. This imbalance has created a gap in addressing social needs through public projects, highlighting the relevance of Social Procurement as an approach that embeds social value into procurement decisions. Social procurement offers the potential to promote equity, inclusion, and community development through construction activities. Despite its growing application globally, social procurement is yet to be implemented in Sri Lanka. Thus, this study aims to investigate how to integrate social procurement into the existing procurement methods in Sri Lanka. It specifically examines the four recognised types of social procurement, and the challenges associated with each. Using a qualitative choice, data was gathered through 15 semi-structured interviews and analysed through content analysis. The findings reveal that all four types can be implemented in Sri Lanka, though their integration is influenced by type-specific and shared challenges. Common barriers identified across all types include limited knowledge and training, difficulties in engaging marginalised communities, and restricted access to funding. The study also establishes clear links between social procurement types and Sri Lanka’s dominant procurement models. Importantly, the findings suggest that implementation should begin with Type 1 and Type 2, which offer the most immediate feasibility. Overall, the study concludes that while social procurement presents significant potential, its success depends on a phased, locally adapted strategy supported by strong policy direction and institutional commitment.