Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound attenuates atrial remodelling and atrial fibrillation after myocardial infarction: an experimental pre-clinical study

In preclinical post-MI models, LIPUS attenuated atrial structural and electrical remodelling and lowered AF susceptibility, plausibly via modulation of an Adam19/TGF-β/Smad2/3 signalling cascade. These findings are promising but preliminary; priorities include determining whether the atrial effects are direct or secondary to ventricular remodelling and altered haemodynamics, confirming mechanisms across models, defining dose-response and safety and validating efficacy and translational relevance in large-animal studies and early-phase trials before any clinical application.