Levels of integrin, irisin, and anti-Müllerian hormone in polycystic ovary syndrome patients

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to find out if there were any notable differences in serum levels of irisin, integrin α4, integrin α5, integrin β2, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) between PCOS patients and healthy women. Material and methods: This case-controlled observational study includes 42 women with PCOS and 42 healthy women of the same age as the control group. Irisin, integrin α4, integrin α5, and integrin β2 levels were measured, along with serum lipid subfractions, fasting serum glucose, fasting insulin, and other hormones (androgens, gonadotropins). Insulin resistance was estimated using the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR). We measured the levels of irisin and integrin (α4, α5, and β2) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Women with PCOS had significantly higher levels of irisin, HOMA-IR, AMH, and free androgen index (FAI) than the control group (p=0.0001, 0.0001, and 0.0001, respectively). Integrins (α4, α5, β2) are substantially reduced in women with PCOS (p=0.023, 0.001, and 0.0001, respectively). HOMA-IR scores showed a negative correlation with integrin levels (α4, α5, β2) (r=-0.412 p=0.007, r=-0.468 p=0.002, and r=-0.446 p=0.003, respectively) but a positive correlation with AMH and irisin levels in women with PCOS (r=0.693 p=0.001 and r=0.424 p=0.005, respectively). Conclusion: AMH, irisin, and integrin levels were found to be significantly changed in non-diabetic women with PCOS. We think that the root cause of these changes could be disturbances in energy homeostasis.