An innovation system that contributes to business creation in regions showing signs of economic decline

This study aimed to identify the elements necessary to promote commercialization for industrial companies in South Kaga. In rural areas, companies seek endogenous development through innovation. A mixed-methods approach was employed, comprising interviews and a survey. The results revealed that commercialization is challenging and requires additional elements that go beyond the numerous system improvements in industry-academia technology co-creation, problem solving, and commercialization. Thus, these improvements may need to be added to achieve commercialization in the region.