Time and Cost Variations on Performance of Infrastructure Development in Kenya: A Case Study of LAPSSET Corridor Development Authority

Infrastructure development is vital for socio-economic advancement, providing the foundation for economic growth, social progress, and improved quality of life. In Kenya, major projects such as the Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) and the LAPSSET Corridor have become central to the national development agenda. However, these initiatives often face significant challenges, particularly regarding time delays and cost overruns. This study focused on the LAPSSET Corridor Development Authority (LCDA) to examine how the Schedule Performance Index (SPI), and Cost Performance Index (CPI) influence infrastructure development performance. The research aimed to provide actionable recommendations to improve project management practices, enhance stakeholder collaboration, and promote sustainable infrastructure development in Kenya. The findings are intended to guide policymakers and project managers in addressing persistent delays and cost overruns, ensuring more efficient and cost-effective project delivery. Study was grounded in the Resource-Based View, Institutional Theory, and Goal-Setting Theory. The target population consisted of 100 participants, and a census approach was used for sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS v.28, and inferential statistics were employed to assess the relationships between variables, while ethical guidelines were strictly observed. Results revealed that LCDA performance was significantly and positively correlated with SPI, suggesting that improving schedule performance would enhance overall project outcomes. Similarly, CPI showed a strong positive correlation with performance, indicating the importance of effective cost management. Depending on SPI results, it may be necessary to revisit the schedule baseline or implement adjustments such as expanding teams, reallocating tasks, or designing more flexible future schedules and suggests further research to identify additional factors influencing LCDA performance.