AI Literacy and Ethical Awareness in Higher Education: Evidence from Indonesian Universities

This research aims to explore the level of artificial intelligence (AI) literacy and ethical awareness among university students in Indonesia, focusing on their understanding of AI as well as the ethical challenges associated with its use in education and daily life. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study collected quantitative data through a survey involving 300 students from various universities in Indonesia and qualitative data through in-depth interviews with 30 selected respondents. The results show that although AI literacy among students from engineering majors is quite high, students from non-engineering majors show lower understanding. In addition, there are significant concerns regarding ethical issues such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, and the social impact of AI. The study also identified several key challenges, including the lack of integration of AI literacy in higher education curricula and limited training related to AI ethics. Based on these findings, this study recommends the need to strengthen a curriculum that includes AI literacy and comprehensive ethics education in all departments. This research contributes to the development of a more inclusive and responsible education policy in facing the digital era in Indonesia.