Development of targeted drugs for diabetic retinopathy using Mendelian randomized pharmacogenomics

Through comprehensive genetic analysis, this study identified the NOG protein as a novel potential protective drug target for DR. Its function may be achieved by regulating the BMP signaling pathway. The research findings not only provide a new perspective for understanding the pathogenesis of this disease but also recommend existing drugs such as progesterone and estradiol as potential therapies, which are worthy of further functional experiments and clinical studies for verification.