Food safety in Pakistan: prospects and challenges

Purpose In Pakistan, a developing economy with a diverse and complex food supply chain, ensuring food safety is critical to protect public health and foster economic growth. An integrated Food Control System and alignment of the National Quality Infrastructure (NQI) with the food safety regulatory framework are essential for ensuring food safety and market competitiveness. This paper assesses the state of Pakistan's NQI and Food Control System, highlighting key challenges and proposing targeted solutions. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-method approach was used, combining qualitative insights from expert opinions and policy documents with quantitative data from government reports. The analysis integrated the NQI model with an overarching Food Control System to assess Pakistan's food safety framework. A SWOT analysis was conducted to identify key strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, providing actionable recommendations for policymakers. Findings The evaluation highlights that the apex organizations for metrology, standards and accreditation are well-established with robust international and regional linkages. The approval of Pakistan National Quality Policy 2021 signifies a significant milestone and sets expectations for enhancing the country's NQI. Our analysis reveals key challenges, including the need for a national food safety strategy, an integrated food safety system and a farm-to-fork continuum in the food supply chain to strengthen the food safety system in Pakistan. Practical implications Implementing the recommendations presented in this study can lead to a more efficient and resilient Food Control System in Pakistan. Originality/value This study addresses a critical research gap by providing a comprehensive assessment of Pakistan's NQI for food safety within the framework of an integrated Food Control System. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, guiding the development of a resilient and effective NQI that seamlessly supports the country's Food Control System.