Coexistence of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Complex Clinical Case

This case presentation explores the rare coexistence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a single patient, highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges faced in managing both conditions.Autoimmune diseases, particularly rheumatic disorders, have been linked to myeloid neoplasms, with varying prevalence rates.The patient exhibited symptoms of pancytopenia, leading to the diagnosis of AML confirmed by myelogram findings, including Auer bodies and a translocation (8;21).The management approach involved a multidisciplinary strategy, incorporating corticosteroids for SLE and chemotherapy for AML, while addressing the risk of infection.This case underscores the importance of recognizing the interplay between autoimmune diseases and hematological malignancies, necessitating a careful balance in treatment to optimize patient outcomes.