Galician nationalism in the first Half of the 1930s: radicalization of ideology and missed opportunities

Importance . The novelty of the study is the analysis of the history of Galician nationalism in the first half of the 1930s. Galicia by the early 1930s was a peripheral and one of the least developed regions of Spain. The negative social dynamics led to a slower development of nationalism in comparison with other regions. However, by the early 1930s. The purpose of the study is to analyze the changes and transformations of Galician nationalism in the context of its radicalization and the opening of a “window of opportunity’ associated with the general Spanish political changes in the first half of the 1930s. Materials and Methods. The main source is the materials of the newspaper “A Nosa Terra”, the leading newspaper of the Galician nationalist movement in the first half of the 1930s. The research is based on the principles of interdisciplinary historiography of nationalism, which allows us to analyze Galician nationalism as a social, intellectual, political or cultural movement. Research Results. The problems of the history of the Galician nationalist movement in the period of the 1930s are analyzed, believing that the activity of nationalists significantly influenced the main vectors and trajectories of Galicia’s development as a region. The main directions and forms of the ideological activity of Galician nationalism in the first half of the 1930s are studied. Analyzed: 1) the main problems of the history of nationalism in the period of the first half of the 1930s; 2) the main vectors and trajectories of the development and transformation of the ideology and practices of Galician nationalism in the 1930s.; 3) features of the political program of Galician nationalism; 4) the role of nationalism of the 1930s in the development of Galician ethnicity, including language and culture; 5) the historical significance of the activation of the nationalist movement in the first half of the 1930s in the general logic of the history of the development of Galician nationalism. Conclusions . The role of Galician nationalism of the 1930s as a factor of radicalization of regional society and political changes in Galicia is shown. The results of the study suggest that the activity of the leaders and ideologists of Galician nationalism in the 1930s is the highest point in the political and intellectual history of Galicia in the first half of the 20th century.