Clinicopathological spectrum of pleomorphic adenoma: A seven-year institutional study

Introduction: Salivary gland tumours (SGT) constitute less than 1%-5% of all head and neck cancers. Among these, Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common form of benign SGT, accounting for 60-70% of parotid glands, 40-60% of submandibular gland and 40-70% of all minor salivary glands. PA reflects singnificant diversity in histological presentation due to metaplastic transformation of myoepithelial cells in production of extracellular matrix. This pleomorphism, these neoplasms may mimics other SGTs often leading to misdiagnosis by the pathologist and unnecessary aggressive treatment. Aim: To retrospectively analyze pleomorphic adenoma cases reported over 7 years period focusing on clinical presentation and histopathological findings. Materials and Methods: 1. Data was collected from diagnosed cases of PA over 7 years period at a Government Dental College and Hospital & Regional Cancer Center, 2. They were analysed for determine demographics patterns, clinical presentation and histopathological variations. Results: A total of 50 cases of pleomorphic adenoma were identified. The common age of occurrence was 5th to 6th decade with 3 cases in younger patients. A Female predeliction was seen in most cases. The palate was the most common anatomical site. Intraorally the lesion showed as unilateral swelling with solitary mass. Recurrence was frequently observed in younger population. Conclusion: Early diagnosis of this benign neoplasm is important to avoid misdiagnosis and over treatment as it has high rate of recurrence and chances of malignant transformation.