The influence of the course of pregnancy and childbirth on the intensity and frequency of regurgitation in infants

Relevance. Regurgitation (regurgitation) is a common problem among infants. Intensive regurgitation can affect the quality of life of a child and his family. Prevention of this disease requires understanding the cause-and-effect relationships between perinatal risk factors and the syndrome itself. Timely identification of perinatal predictors will allow for the implementation ofprimary personalized preventive measures for this condition. Objective. To identify negative factors during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as to assess their relationship with regurgitation syndrome in infants. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted, which included 88 children born at term, in satisfactory condition, with an assessment of perinatal risk factors and the nature of functional disorders of the digestive tract based on a questionnaire. Results. A statistically significant relationship was established between gestosis in a mother and regurgitation in her child (p = 0.002, n = 40), as well as their intensity (p = 0.02, n = 21). The analysis did not reveal any significant links between specific manifestations of gestosis in the mother and regurgitation in her infant. When analyzing the intensity of regurgitation, a number of patterns were identified: minimal regurgitation was 1 point more common in children whose mothers suffered from gestosis in the third trimester of pregnancy (p = 0.00015, n = 7) or gestational diabetes (p = 0.00015, n = 7); high-intensity regurgitation, rated at 4 and 5 points, was significantly more common in children born as a result of rapid childbirth (p = 0.00011, n = 6). Conclusion. Registration of gestosis or gestational diabetes in the expectant mother, as well as rapid childbirth, will make it possible to identify her baby at risk for regurgitation and timely organize preventive measures aimed at reducing the frequency and severity of this syndrome.