CONNECTIVITY, INTELLIGENCE AND MOBILITY: THE ROLE OF INTERNET OF THINGS AND INTERNET OF VEHICLES IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY

The digitalization of the automotive industry has accelerated the adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), fostering new solutions for safety, efficiency, and sustainable mobility. This article, developed within the scope of the IDT – PIVOT project, Incentive System for Business Research and Development – Individual Operations, aims to critically analyze the role of IoT and IoV in the automotive sector, exploring practical applications, conceptual architectures, and implementation challenges. The methodology consisted of a critical review of scientific and technical literature (2010–2025), complemented by institutional reports and industrial case studies, structured into four axes: IoT applications, communication networks, IoT/IoV architectures, and the evolution towards IoV. The results highlight clear benefits, such as accident reduction through V2X communication, improved efficiency via predictive maintenance, and environmental gains in intelligent mobility systems. However, significant limitations remain, including interoperability issues, latency, cybersecurity risks, costs, and social acceptance. Future perspectives point to the integration of 5G/6G networks, edge intelligence, and Mobility as a Service (MaaS) models, requiring robust public policies and global communication standards. It is concluded that IoT and IoV are strategic pillars for the transition towards connected, autonomous, and cooperative mobility.