IoT-Based Home Automation: A Modular System with Smart Monitoring and Control Features

This study designed and developed a smart, modular home automation system to improve household energy efficiency and convenience through automated control, real-time monitoring, and remote access. The Incremental Prototyping Model was employed, allowing the system to be built in distinct, independently developed components. Core technologies included single-board computers and microcontrollers, specifically Raspberry Pi and NodeMCU, which provided versatility, computational power, and efficiency. The system also integrated sensors, actuators, and communication modules for environmental monitoring, security, and energy management, resulting in a robust and user-friendly solution. System effectiveness was evaluated using ISO 25010 standards. Results revealed an outstanding overall rating of 4.70, indicating a unanimous “Strongly Agree” from participants. This rating highlights excellent performance across functional suitability, performance efficiency, compatibility, usability, reliability, security, maintainability, and portability. The findings demonstrate that the system can seamlessly manage diverse home-related functions, offering a tailored and adaptable solution for modern households.