Cyber-Resilient Secondary Voltage Control of MW-Scale PV Parks Under Non-Ideal Communication Conditions

In MW-scale photovoltaic (PV) parks with multiple power converters, communication-based coordination is crucial for ensuring compliance with grid codes and internal regulations while enabling swift and collective responses to grid events. However, communication delays and cyberattacks threaten system stability and performance. This paper proposes a cyber-resilient framework to enhance voltage control under adverse conditions. It employs a multi-layered defense mechanism at both central and converter levels to protect the PV park’s voltage control system against blind FDI attacks—launched with limited system knowledge—while maintaining nominal regulation performance under communication delays. A comprehensive stability analysis and simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in maintaining system resilience and operational integrity.