INFLUENCE OF INTEGRATED FERTILIZATION AND GENOTYPE ON BARLEY PRODUCTION IN CHANGING CLIMATE CONDITIONS

The research examined the influence of climatic conditions, genotypes and fertilization treatments on the yield and grain quality of winter barley during two production years (2021-2023) in sour soil (pH 4.74) in southern Serbia. The genotypes Bosut and Parip and five fertilization treatments (control and combinations of NPK, microbiological, lime fertilizer and cattle manure) were examined. Grain yield varied from 2.0 to 5.5 t/ha, hectoliter weight from 55.17 to 63.17 kg/hl, and weight of 1000 grains from 37.20 to 47.17 years. The highest yields were achieved in treatment 5 (150 kg/ha NPK + 150 kg/ha microbiological fertilizer + 4 t/ha lime fertilizer + 20 t/ha cattle manure), especially for genotype Parip (4.87 t/ha in 2022-2023). Analysis of variance showed that year (F = 108.75, p < 0.01), genotype (F = 21.04, p < 0.01) and treatments (F = 327.37, p < 0.01) significantly affect the yield, with climatic factors, especially precipitation (354.1 mm in 2021-2022, respectively 512 mm in 2022-2023) having a key role. Parip showed greater adaptability to variable conditions, while treatment 5 improved nutrient availability and yield on acidic soil. The results highlight the importance of integrated fertilization and genotype selection for the optimization of barley production in the conditions of climate change.