EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF DOUBLE-LAYER STEEL AS A STRUCTURAL MATERIAL FOR FREIGHT CARS

The article presents the main approaches to the selection of bilayer materials, ferritic and austenitic classes, used for the production of freight cars.Bi-layer steels combine the properties of different materials in a single product, making them ideal for specialised applications, such as heavy industry, energy and transport engineering.They require special welding techniques to preserve the unique characteristics of each layer.Given today's wide range of construction materials, combined welded structures made of two-layer steels can differ in the way alloying materials are distributed in them and the suitability of the welded steels for the operating conditions and applications.The anisotropy of mechanical properties of 09G2S+12X18H10 double-layer steel was evaluated and it was proposed to evaluate them as properties of the layers of the base and cladding material.The necessary mechanical characteristics of the studied material are given, and the possibility of welding all joints of the car body made of homogeneous and dissimilar steels is confirmed, Determination of the anisotropy of mechanical properties of 09G2S+12X18H10T bilayer steel.In contrast to the known methods for determining the mechanical characteristics of two-layer materials, it is proposed to evaluate them as the properties of the layers of the base and cladding material.The necessary mechanical characteristics of the studied material are presented.The article proposes to manufacture welded frames from two-layer ferritic-perlite and austenitic steels classes, which leads to a reduction in the weight of the car tare and an increase in the corrosion resistance of structures.