A novel mutation in the transglutaminase-1 gene identified in a collodion baby: A case report

Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis is a group of skin disorders characterized by abnormal keratinization. The collodion baby phenotype is a rare phenotype of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis characterized by a tight, translucent membrane that encases the newborn, which leads to significant medical challenges. This case report describes a male infant born at 35 weeks and 6 days of gestation who presented with the collodion baby syndrome. The present case exhibited a nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma-like phenotype, characterized by diffuse erythema and fine scaling. Genetic analysis revealed two compound heterozygous mutations in <i>TGM1</i>: c.425G>T (p.Arg142Leu) in exon 3, previously reported as a pathogenic hotspot in nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, and a novel mutation, c.1198A>C (p.Asn400His) in exon 8, which has not only been associated with lamellar ichthyosis but has also been detected in nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma. A comprehensive treatment strategy focused on symptom alleviation and supportive care led to significant improvement, and the infant was discharged after 6 days of hospitalization. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis, multidisciplinary care, and genetic testing in managing autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis. The identification of novel <i>TGM1</i> mutations contributes to the expanding mutation spectrum and may inform future diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.