Fueling Growth, Facing Risks: Environmental Impact and Carbon Mitigation Dilemmas in Guyana’s Oil Boom

Summary The paper discusses the environmental impact of the rapidly expanding oil and gas industry in Guyana, following the discovery of vast offshore reserves in the Guyana-Suriname Basin that have positioned the country as an emerging energy player. Although the expansion has significant economic potential, it also poses serious questions about greenhouse gas emissions and environmental deterioration. In order to deliver inexpensive electricity, the Gas-to-Energy project is the subject of this analysis, which also looks at the project’s consequences for ecological integrity and carbon reduction. Potential offshore ecological damage, carbon emissions, regulatory flaws, and the environmental dangers connected to extensive infrastructure expansion are some of the main topics covered. The study evaluates existing and proposed mitigation strategies, including carbon capture and storage (CCS) and renewable energy integration. Findings suggest that although the Gas-to-Energy project may contribute to short-term emissions reduction, its long-term sustainability hinges on strengthened environmental governance, transparent regulatory enforcement, and a strategic shift toward low-carbon energy. The paper concludes that Guyana’s path forward must reconcile fossil fuel development with climate resilience and environmental stewardship.