Teaching Paper: Typology of Philanthropic Models – Understanding Traditions and Innovations in Global Giving

Philanthropy has evolved from religious charity and aristocratic patronage to diverse contemporary practices that shape global development, public policy, and civil society. This Teaching Paper introduces a typology of twelve major philanthropic models—from traditional forms such as faith-based giving to innovative approaches like tech-driven and systemic philanthropy. Each model is examined in terms of historical roots, defining features, limitations, and practical applications. The paper highlights how these models coexist and intersect, emphasizing their implications for legitimacy, accountability, and impact. For practitioners, the typology serves as a diagnostic and strategic tool to navigate donor relationships and funding strategies. For scholars, it offers a structured framework to understand philanthropy as a dynamic, contested, and adaptive system of social action.