The use of transcranial direct current stimulation in clinical and healthy populations

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a widely investigated non-invasive neuromodulation technique that has emerged as a promising approach for regulating cortical excitability and modulating brain function. It operates by delivering a constant, low-intensity electrical current through scalp-mounted electrodes, thereby altering neuronal membrane potentials and inducing lasting modifications in synaptic plasticity. The tDCS procedure is non-invasive and relatively easy to administer, which makes it applicable across a wide range of clinical conditions. This form of stimulation is frequently employed in neurological and psychiatric disorders, but it is also applied in healthy individuals. Its use in other clinical conditions also appears promising due to the potential to facilitate recovery.