Unveiling the microbial shift: the impact of group B Streptococcus on vaginal microbiota and inflammation in late pregnancy

GBS colonization disrupts the balance of the vaginal microbiota, contributing to a pro-inflammatory state that may heighten the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. In comparison to women who are not colonized by GBS, GBS colonization may be associated with a decrease in the abundance of Lactobacillus jensenii and Lactobacillus reuteri, as well as an increase in Gardnerella vaginalis and Lactobacillus johnsonii. Restoring Lactobacillus (specific microbial species) dominance may help mitigate inflammation and promote maternal and fetal health. Future research should focus on longitudinal monitoring of microbiota dynamics and the development of targeted interventions to prevent or manage GBS-related complications.