COMPARAÇÃO DOS DESFECHOS FUNCIONAIS ENTRE PROSTATECTOMIA ABERTA E ROBÓTICA NO TRATAMENTO DO CÂNCER DE PRÓSTATA

Prostate cancer is one of the most common neoplasms among the male population and represents a significant public health issue due to its high prevalence and impact on morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis is essential and is performed through clinical, laboratory, and imaging examinations. Among the treatment options for localized disease, radical prostatectomy stands out and can be performed either via open or robotic surgery. Robotic surgery introduced minimally invasive procedures, offering greater precision and less surgical trauma, although high costs and the need for specialized training still limit its widespread use. This study employed an integrative literature review as a method, using a descriptive approach to compare the functional outcomes of open and robotic prostatectomy. The search for articles was conducted in the LILACS, PUBMED, and BVS databases, following specific inclusion criteria, a three-step selection process, and paired review to reduce bias, resulting in a final sample of nine studies. The results indicate that robotic prostatectomy provides better functional outcomes, faster recovery of urinary continence and sexual function, shorter hospital stays, and lower incidence of postoperative complications, without compromising oncological safety. Innovations such as single-port techniques show potential but still require further studies for standardization. Limitations include small sample sizes and variability in surgical experience. Future research should prioritize larger samples, longer follow-up, and assessment across different healthcare contexts to ensure that technological advances translate into effective benefits for patients.