Study review and conceptual approach: Urban extractivism (2014 – 2020)

The article presents a review of studies conducted between 2014 and 2020 and a reference framework on urban extractivism, linking this concept to theories of classical authors in urban sociology and geography, as well as to contemporary scholars. It explores how current urban development transforms housing and public space into tradable commodities, rather than recognizing them as fundamental rights and basic needs. This process is evident in phenomena such as the subprime mortgage market, the mass construction of rental housing, gentrification, and touristification, which aim to attract wealthier residents, thereby increasing property sale or rental values, particularly in urban areas on the periphery of global capitalism, which are more susceptible to these dynamics. The study was conducted from a qualitative and hermeneutic perspective, using documentary research as the main strategy, with a dynamic sampling method that was adjusted according to the findings. Regarding the conclusions, it is observed that extractivism and neo-extractivism have managed to consolidate an academic community and form a social movement that brings together environmentalists, academics, and indigenous groups. Concerning the conceptual approach, the need for a deeper analysis of the object of study is highlighted, to determine whether there are similar practices between the logics of extractivism and neo-extractivism in the urban space. Criticisms are made of the neoliberal city model and the socio-spatial inequalities that it (re)produces, especially in Latin American cities.