Scientific and technical cooperation within the framework of international bilateral projects: actual situation, difficulties, prospects

The paper analyzes the current state, defines the problems and outlines the prospects for the development of scientific and technical cooperation within the framework of international bilateral projects. The main attention is focused on the regulatory framework for such projects in Ukraine and abroad (EU, USA, Japan), their organizational structure, sources of funding and criteria for assessing efficiency and effectiveness. It is determined that international bilateral scientific and technical projects are an effective tool for international interaction that promotes innovative development, technology transfer and scientific mobility. The article reveals various approaches to the implementation of such projects in Ukraine’s partner countries, emphasizing the priority of private financing and commercialization in foreign models, while in Ukraine the main support is state support. A comparative analysis of the criteria for the effectiveness of international bilateral scientific and technical projects is carried out: scientific (publications, patents), economic (implementation in production, startups) and social (creation of jobs, personnel qualifications). Particular attention is paid to examples of successful joint Ukrainian-German projects and their future. Practical recommendations for improving the system of international bilateral scientific and technical projects in Ukraine have been developed: setting priorities, monitoring, institutional support, increasing human resources, focusing on implementing results, and financial diversification. The importance of integrating Ukraine into the European research space, adapting to the challenges of martial law, and the role of public support for successful cases are noted. Thus, the work comprehensively outlines modern challenges and opportunities for improving the efficiency of implementing bilateral projects of Ukraine in the international arena.