DYNAMICS OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF ONCOLOGICAL MORBIDITY OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL AREA AMONG RESIDENTS OF THE POLTAVA REGION FROM 2018 TO 2022

This study investigates the dynamics of epidemiological indicators of maxillofacial oncology incidence in the Poltava region from 2018 to 2022. Despite medical advancements, oropharyngeal and maxillofacial cancer remain major health concerns, with a substantial proportion of cases diagnosed at advanced stages, complicating treatment and reducing survival rates. Data were collected from the Poltava Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary and patient visits to the KP "Poltava Regional Center for Dentistry." The study analyzed statistical records of patients diagnosed with malignant neoplasms of the maxillofacial region and assessed trends in disease incidence, patient visits, and early detection rates. The collected data were processed using variation statistics methods, adhering to bioethical principles and academic integrity. The incidence of malignant neoplasms in Ukraine decreased from 5.0 to 4.1 per 100,000 population between 2018 and 2022, while in the Poltava region, it declined from 6.0 to 5.6 per 100,000. However, this reduction is attributed to delayed diagnosis due to COVID-19 restrictions and wartime disruptions rather than an actual decrease in cases. The percentage of neglected cases increased significantly, from 50.4% in 2018 to 62.8% in 2022, negatively affecting timely cancer detection. The study found a drastic reduction in preventive dental visits, with emergency visits becoming more prevalent. The authors emphasize the need for enhanced oncological awareness among dentists and patients, proactive screening measures, and improved early detection programs. Conclusion. The decline in cancer incidence rates is misleading, as it reflects diagnostic delays rather than a genuine reduction in cases. Addressing these challenges requires coordinated efforts to restore regular medical check-ups and increase public awareness about early detection and treatment of maxillofacial oncology.