ARABIA-WIND: Autonomous Remote Aerial Bot for Integrated Atmospheric Wind and Weather INtelligence Detection in Eastern Saudi Arabia

ARABIA-WIND (Autonomous Remote Aerial Bot for Integrated Atmospheric Wind and Weather Intelligence Detection) is a purpose-built, IoT-enabled Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) developed for environmental sensing. This paper presents the design and implementation of ARABIA-WIND, with a par-ticular emphasis on its environmental sensing capabilities for detecting temperature, humidity, and rainfall. The UAV enables continuous data streaming and analysis via real-time internet connectivity with a ground station and supports cloud-based IoT integration for remote access and monitoring. Integrated GPS modules enhance navigational accuracy, ensuring precise mission execution across varied and complex terrains. This technology is especially vital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, a region characterized by rapid urbanization, frequent sandstorms, and variable microclimates. These conditions demand responsive and localized meteorological data to support infrastructure planning, public safety, and disaster preparedness efforts. This paper offers a comprehensive overview of the development stages of ARABIA-WIND, including its system design, hardware-software integration, intelligent features, and the challenges encountered throughout its implementation.