Main trends in the development of technologies of processing of hydrocarbon raw materials in the Russian Federation

The oil and oil refining industry are strategic industries and the basis for the development of the state economy as a whole; the conditions for the development of various sectors of the national economy depend on them. Oil and gas exports account for more than 60% of Russia's exports, which determines the importance of this industry for the national economy; the importance of using petroleum products is difficult to overestimate. Oil refining in the Russian Federation amounted to 266.5 million tons in 2024, which is slightly lower than in previous years. However, the refining depth continues to grow and over the past year has reached 84.4%. The main problems and challenges of domestic oil refining associated with global trends in the depletion of natural resources and deterioration of their quality, the expansion of the zone of human influence, as well as in connection with sanctions are named. The largest oil refineries are listed and characterized. The list is headed by such companies as Rosneft, Lukoil and Gazprom Neft. The Ministry of Energy working group presented the main results of the analysis of the state of domestic oil refining technologies, based on these results, the main priorities for the technological development of oil and gas refining were determined. Namely, import substitution of critical technologies, deepening of oil refining, increasing the yield of light oil products, with deterioration in oil quality and sanction restrictions, development of petrochemical and gas chemical technologies that ensure the production of products with high added value, development of low-tonnage chemistry, production of additives, etc. The Government of the Russian Federation has developed a Plan for the implementation of measures and stages of the general scheme for the development of the oil industry until 2035, stages of its implementation for specific plants and installations are given, both for vertically integrated companies and for independent oil refineries. The situation with the provision of catalysts for the main processes of oil refining is considered. Development prospects and necessary actions for successful import substitution are shown. The prospects for fuel consumption in the Russian Federation are considered. As well as the main difficulties caused by the sanctions policy of unfriendly countries.