The transition to a sustainable blue economy explored through frameworks and SDG alignment

This study examines the transition from the Blue Economy to a Sustainable Blue Economy by analyzing its alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and reviewing key governance and conceptual frameworks that define this shift. A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, analyzing peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and 2024 from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The analysis highlights the evolution of the Blue Economy toward sustainability, with emphasis on ecosystem-based management, inclusive governance and responsible resource extraction. While SDGs such as Life below Water (SDG 14) and Partnerships for the Goals (SDG 17) dominate academic discourse, critical social dimensions -particularly Poverty Alleviation (SDG 1), Hunger Reduction (SDG 2) and Gender Equality (SDG 5)- receive comparatively limited attention. This study contributes to Blue Economy research by integrating sustainability transition theories with governance and policy frameworks. It underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches that balance economic growth with marine ecosystem conservation. The review also identifies a persistent gap in the literature regarding social inclusion, calling for stronger governance structures, cross-sectoral collaboration and sustainability-driven innovation in marine industries. Addressing fair labor practices and gender equality is essential to ensuring that the transition to a Sustainable Blue Economy is both inclusive and equitable. In addition, the integration of sustainability principles into organizational practices -through green and strategic human resource management- can foster equity, representation and long-term institutional transformation within the SBE framework.