Fuzzy AHP approach to assess sustainable ecotourism spot in an emerging economy using GIS and remote sensing

Ecotourism is a form of responsible travel that focuses on visiting natural areas while conserving the environment, respecting local cultures, and improving the well-being of local communities. Ecotourism plays a significant role in promoting both environmental conservation and economic development. It serves as a bridge between sustainable development and the responsible enjoyment of nature. Ecotourism in The Nilgiri District of Tamil Nadu plays a pivotal role in conserving its natural beauty while promoting sustainable development. By promoting sustainable practices and creating economic opportunities for local communities, ecotourism contributes to long-term economic resilience, ecological health, and social well-being. This study aimed to identify the Ecotourism Potential Zones (ETPZs) in The Nilgiris District by applying the F-AHP and GIS based on seven sustainable ecotourism criteria. The study found that 7.44% of the total area comes under very high ecotourism potential, 53% of the area comes under high, 38% of the area are moderate and 1.26% of the area comes under low. The study also found that the parameter vegetation achieved high priority (37%) followed by slope (25%) and the least priority goes to Proximity to settlement (2%). This study provides practical guidelines for sustainable ecotourism in ecologically sensitive areas by identifying high-potential zones. It aids stakeholders in resource allocation, eco-friendly infrastructure development, and conservation efforts, while supporting local communities through job creation and sustainable livelihoods, ensuring the long-term viability of ecotourism in The Nilgiri District.