Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta)-induced acute aortitis: a case report

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-induced acute aortitis is a new entity emerging, with possible fatal consequences. This case shows the importance of a thorough diagnostic workup, adept interpretation of PET/CT scans with vasculitis imaging standards, and a multidisciplinary individualized management strategy guided by ESC recommendations. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for aortitis in patients receiving G-CSF, and early use of CT and PET imaging is essential to guide management and prevent complications.