Discrepancies in Signature Strengths Identification: Insights from Self-Nomination and VIA Assessment Across a Global Sample

Abstract Signature strengths (SS) are the most central and prominent character strengths in a person’s profile. They can be self-nominated or identified as the top strengths in a character strengths profile. This study investigates discrepancies between self-identified signature strengths (S-SS) and those identified by the VIA Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS). Data from a large international sample of 31,527 respondents from 142 countries were analyzed to compare S-SS and VIA-IS identified SS. Certain character strengths, such as fairness, appreciation of beauty, and prudence, were frequently overlooked in the self-nomination process despite ranking high according to the VIA-IS. Conversely, perseverance, creativity, and bravery were commonly regarded as SS by respondents, even if not reflected in the VIA-IS assessment. Humility, humor, judgment, and leadership were equally indicated as SS in both methods. Differences in the SS identification were associated with socio-demographic characteristics and, for some character strengths, with cultural contexts. The method of SS identification influences the choice of SS, revealing discrepancies that may indicate varying levels of self-awareness. Despite individual limitations, combining the VIA instrument with direct questioning could offer a more comprehensive and personalized understanding of an individual’s signature strengths, highlighting the importance of using both approaches to identify these strengths effectively.