Role of family farming in sustaining a resilient food system: A systematic literature review

Family farming, characterized by integrated agricultural systems managed and operated by men, women and children, forms the backbone of global food production and rural livelihoods. Representing over 80 % of the World’s food producers, family farms are deeply embedded within the social, cultural and environmental fabric of rural communities. The United Nations Decade of Family Farming (UNDFF) underscores the critical opportunity to strengthen family-based agriculture and advance sustainable development. This systematic literature review,conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, synthesizes current research on the multifaceted contributions of family farming to food security, sustainable agriculture, rural development and biodiversity conservation. The review highlights family farms’ remarkable adaptability to climate change, while also addressing the significant challenges they face, including limited access to resources, volatile markets and the adverse impacts of climate variability. The study exploresthe indispensable role of family farming in preserving regional economies, safeguarding cultural heritage and promoting sustainable agricultural practices, all of which are integral to achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs). The findings emphasize the urgent need for robust institutional frameworks and supportive policies that enhance financial support, market access, technological innovation, education and social protection for family farmers. Strategic interventions in these areas are essential to ensure the sustainability and resilience of family-based farming systems worldwide.