DIGITALNI ASPEKTI STRUKTURALNOG TOTALITARIZMA

This paper examines the relationship between two approaches to the risk of digital totalitarianism. The analysis of internal and external approaches leads to a deeper philosophical inquiry into the status of artificial intelligence. The core question is whether artificial intelligence can be understood as an internal property or as something external—that is, existing outside the human being. It is established that an exchange of positions (a topological shift of properties) occurs with respect to the question of embodiment. While embodiment may appear to be an external characteristic of the human being, it is, in fact, an internal property of being—as something through which we perceive what we call a human being. Accordingly, we argue against the unjustified critique of (traditional) dualism, as the use of dual relational structures is not based on any particular categories, not even on metaphysics, but rather on a kind of ontological description that allows us to approach the concept of intelligence and the concept of the human being in general. Structural totalitarianism represents the framework for a philosophically grounded understanding of the risk posed by digital totalitarianism, insofar as it becomes evident that artificial intelligence is considered within the same ontological status as human intelligence, thereby creating the foundations for a systemic order based upon it.