GIS-Based Assessment of Photovoltaic and Green Roof Potential in Iași, Romania

Urban areas are increasingly challenged by the combined effects of climate change, rapid population growth, and high energy demand. The integration of renewable energy systems, such as photovoltaic (PV) panels, and nature-based solutions, such as green roofs, represents a key strategy for sustainable urban development. This study evaluates the spatial potential for PV and green roof implementation in Iași, Romania, using moderate to high-resolution geospatial datasets, including the ALOS AW3D30 Digital Surface Model (DSM) and the Copernicus Urban Atlas 2018, processed in ArcMap 10.8.1 and ArcGIS Pro 2.6.0. Solar radiation was computed using the Area Solar Radiation tool for the average year 2023, while roof typology (flat vs. pitched) was derived from slope analysis. Results show significant spatial heterogeneity. The Copou neighborhood has the highest PV-suitable roof share (73.6%) and also leads in green roof potential (46.6%). Integrating PV and green roofs can provide synergistic benefits, improving energy performance, mitigating urban heat islands, managing stormwater, and enhancing biodiversity. These findings provide actionable insights for urban planners and policymakers aiming to prioritize green infrastructure investments and accelerate the local energy transition.