Smoking Patterns and Their Association with Histological Subtypes in Lung Cancer Patients

Aim: Tobacco exposure remains the most significant risk factor in the development of lung cancer.Understanding detailed smoking characteristics in affected populations provides critical insight into disease etiology and progression.This study aimed to analyze smoking status, cumulative tobacco exposure, and their relationship with histological subtypes in a cohort of lung cancer patients. Materials and Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 539 patients diagnosed with lung cancer.Demographic data, smoking behavior (status and pack-year history), and histological classification were reviewed.Statistical comparisons assessed differences by gender and histological subtype.Results: Active smoking was the most common status (56.4%) with substantial rates of ex-smoking (34.3%).Mean pack-year history was 49.21.03.Squamous cell carcinoma and small cell lung cancer were associated with heavier tobacco exposure.Adenocarcinoma was more common among never and passive smokers.Sex-based differences were significant: females had higher rates of never and passive smoking, while males had higher cumulative exposure. Conclusion:Smoking characteristics differ markedly by gender and histological subtype in lung cancer patients.These findings underscore the need for personalized approaches to prevention, diagnosis, and public health policy.