Comparative Chemical Classification of Selected Species of the Solanaceae Family Growing Wild in Anbar Governorate

Abstract The Solanaceae family is of great economic importance, as it contributes to providing many important food, medicinal, and ornamental plants for humans. Therefore, the current study was conducted to identify the antioxidant activity of extracts of four plant species within this family, namely: Physalis angulata, Solanum niger, Lycium shawii, and Ribes uva-crispa were collected from different regions of Iraq. The methodology specified by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists was used to confirm the phytochemical content of the “ethanolic extract”, and the active “compounds” were identified through qualitative screening of “ethanolic seed extracts”. “Antioxidant activity” was examined by the “DPPH”, and “FRAP” “methods” at different concentrations of plant extracts (20-100 μg/ml).The results of the qualitative detection of the active compounds indicated that the extract of Ribes uva-crispa contains the highest percentage of active components, followed by Lycium shawii , Physalis angulate, and Solanum nigrum, the results of DPPH showed that the effectiveness Ribes uva-crispa exhibited high antioxidant activity, S. nigrum exhibited similar activity to P. angulata at some concentrations, and L. shawii exhibited slightly less activity. The FRAP test results showed significant differences at (p > 0.05). All plant extracts had high antioxidant activity at 100 μg/ml concentration, with the highest values reaching 464.83, 411.76, 401.43, and 397.32 mmol for R. Uva-Crispa , L. Shawii , P. Angulata , and S. Nigrum , respectively. This indicates that plant species belonging to the Solanaceae family have the potential to be effective in terms of their cytotoxic and antioxidant capabilities.