Identification of some Characteristics of Pollen Grains and Achines by SEM for some Species Belong to <i>Crepis</i> L. Genus (Asteraceae) in Iraq

Abstract The microscopic characteristics of pollen grains and fruits of two species of plants belonging to the Asteraceae family was examined by scanning electron microscopy and dissecting microscope. plant samples were collected from different areas of Kirkuk Governorate from February to August 2024. The species were study: C repis foetida and C r epis capillaries , the current study focused on pollen grain form and Achene ornamentation, Polar and equatorial axis diameter, Length of thorns and diameter of germination aperture, wall thickness and surface ornamentation, the result point to that the aperture number was three tri-porate type, spherical-oblate pollen grain shape in both studied species, wall thickness of pollen grain was (4.5),(2.5) in C repis foetida and C r epis capillaries respectably, the surface ornamentation was papillae in C repis foetida species and undulate in C r epis capillaries , the result refer to that the achene deamination was (0.4*0.06) in C repis foetida species and (0.5*0.2) C r epis capillaries species, C repis foetida and C r epis capillaries respectably while the form was fusiform in both species,, the study aim to determine the taxonomic characteristics based on pollen grain and Achene morphology.