Effect of Spraying with Potassium Silicate in the Vegetative Growth Characteristics of Sesame Varieties

Abstract The purpose of the experiment was to determine the effect of spraying potassium silicate on the vegetative growth traits of various sesame varieties. A complete randomized block design according to split-plot arrangement with 3 replicates. The main factor included potassium silicate concentrations (0, 250, 500, and 750 ml L −1 ), and the sub-plot included three sesame varieties and the fourth genotype (Giza 32, Wadaa, Sumer, and Golmarmarar). The Giza 32 cultivar was superior in terms of total leaf area, according to the results. (5993.75 cm 2 plant −1 ), branch the plant from the main stem (7.61 branches plant −1 ), and dry matter of plant (135.73 g plant −1 ), while the early variety Wadaa demonstrated the fastest flowering time, requiring only 38.38 days on average from planting to bloom. In contrast, the Golmarmarar genotype exhibited superior growth, reaching the highest plant height (169.0 cm) and displaying the greatest chlorophyll content (54.34 Spad). The level 750 ml L −1 was distinguished in the early flowering trait reaching (38.41 days) and the plant’s entire leaf area(5545.25 cm 2 plant −1 ), the highest average was recorded in the trait of plant branches from the main stem (6.12 branches plant −1 ), chlorophyll index (56.59 Spad) and dry matter of the plant (139.62 g plant −1 ). Plant dry matter, the number of plant branches from the main stem, and the overall area of leaves were all substantially affected by the Giza 32 variety and the 750 ml L −1 concentration, although the chlorophyll index trait aggregated the highest at the same concentration with the Golmarmarar genetic composition.